Calculating-machine.



BEST AVAILABLE COP.

Patented June 9, 1914 4 sums-$111121 1.

l l l l I I 1 l n I l BEST AVAILABLE COP.

H. E. GOLDBERG. CALCULATING MACHINE. Anna-r101: FILED SEPT. 1, 1911.

. 1 099 497 Patented June 9, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

BEST AVAILABLE COP.

11.'E.4G0L1"JBERG-. I CALCULATING-MACHINE. I Al 'PLIOATI K FILED SEPTA; 1911. 1,099,497, 7 Patented June' 9, 191 i 4 sums-$112213.

BEST AVAILABLE COP H. E. GOLDBERG.

CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1, 1911.

Patented June 9, 191% 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

BEST AVAILABLE COP UNITED STATES HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO GOLDBERG-CALCULATING PATENT 4 crimes.

MACHINE coMPA'NY, or'cnrcaeo', ILLINOIS.

CALCULATING-MAGHINE.

iTo aZZ-whbm it ma-z -concern: I Be it known t at I, HYMAN ELI GOLD- Bria e, a' citizen of the United- States, residing "at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful :Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification. 4

I In Patent No. 893,719, issued-to John C.

Wahl July 21, 1908, there is shown a typewriting, adding and substracting' machine.

It consists of an ordinary Remington typewriter, 'to whose framework the master.

- mechanism, including the master wheel, is

with and the above-mentioned carrying' attached. 'To the carriage of the typewriter the totalizerof the calculating machine is attached. When the operator depresses the figure keys-of'the typewriter he rotates the master wheel, the teeth whereof engage the carrying wheels mounted in -the totalizer. As the carriage of the'typewriter 'advances a step, the totalizer moves inimisdn therewheel is disengaged from the master wlieel i111d.tl16 next carrying-wheelbrought into engagement therewith.v And so on, succeswith its carrying wheels provided with,

sively. The totalizer has there been shown thirty teeth. Thisis the form in which the machine has been putupon themarket. In Patent No. 893,720, issued tome July-21, 1908 is sm -wn a similar machine with totalizer calculating numbers not only to the base 10, but also those to the duodecimal base, or 12. The duodecimal carrying wheel is shown with twenty-four teeth, while the decimal carrying wheels have only twenty teeth. There is thus introduced avariat on in' the gearing, whichjvariation' in practice-is annoying. a J

One of'the objects of my invent on is the construction of a 'totalizer capable of calculating duodecimally and having the gearing of its duodec'imal carrying wheels of the same size pitch and number of teeth as the gearing ofits decimal "carrying wheels.

More especially, one of the obyects' of my invention is the constructionof 'a totalizer' which has thirty teethjin its decimal carryingwheels, and the same 'number, thirty teeth, in its duodeci nal carrying wheels.

Calculations to base-12 occur very commonly,- for instance: in British currency,

Specification of Letters Patel 1t. Patented June 9, 1914;, Application filed September 1,, 1911. Serial No. 647,214.-

to some extent. Thus base-16 used in Hindoo currency, ounces, subdivisions of the yard, etc. Base-28 occurs inEnglish avoirdupois weight, wherethe long ton of'2240 lbs. is-di-vided into'twenty cwts. and each cwt. is; divided into four quarters-each of which eiiuals 28 lbs. The standard arith ten numerals corresponding to it, namely 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8, and 9. ,The numeral narily constructed large enough for this cycle of ten numerals. When the totalizer is constructed to calculate to-the base-12,1116 numeral wheel must show the twelve numerals 0-, -1,' 2,3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,10, and 11. This 26', and 27 This cycle of numerals requires a much more room than the decimal cycle. -I

have thereforeinvented means whereby I.

gain more room. This I accomplish'by ar ranging the numerals -notj in one ring, as is u'sual, but in more than one ring. Thus in 'base-IG numeral wheels I arrange the nufnerals in two rings namely 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and.7 in one ring, and 8, 9, 10, 11,12, 13,14, and .15, in another ring, and pro'vide-in'dieating means for showing upon which of these two rings the numeral of the total is located. Similarly ina numeral wheel'for base-28 I arrange the numerals in two rings 0, 1;. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,9,10, 11, 12, and .13 in one ring and 14:, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 2Q, 21, 22,23, '24, 25, 26 and 27 in-another ring. And this arrangement of the numerals in more than one ring is another object of my invehtion.

Bases larger thanten I'call 'superdecimal' bases. They difi'er 'fromthe decimal base in the fact that more than one digitis required in order. to express their highest number. Thus the highest number under base-' is .9iwhich requires only one-digit.

The highest.nu1nber under-base-12 is 11, uiider' base-16 is 15,. under base-28 'is- 27.

, metica-l base is of course base-10. There are Eachof the numbers 11, 15 and 27 requires two digitsto express it, one digit for the units of the number and another digit'for the tensfthereof. In"Patent 983,719, above 65 wheels of. the totalizer are therefore ordi- 1 BEST AVAILABLE. cos

toothed portion 121 is to mesh with the intermediate gear- 111 aforementioned. The, base-16 carryingwh'eel (Figs. and 12) is composed of a thirty-tWo-toothed portion 124, a two-toothed porti'on 125, a two-scalloped portion 126, and a cam 127, rigidly fastened together.- To the right of the last mentioned base-16 carrying wheel is an auxiliary idle gear 128 which may have any number of teeth, but in this particular case is provided with thirty teeth, for uniform ity with the number of teeth with which the decimalcarrying-whe'els are rovided' in this case. To the right of. the ldle rear" 128 is a carrying wheel 130' (Fig.- 13), which islcomposed of-a-thirtystoothed gear 131, a fifteen-toothed gear 132, and a fifteen-scal loped piece 133, the three .piecesbeingrigidly fastened together, Toxthe right of, the

last-mentioned wheel is'thecarrying wheel 134. It is composed of a thirty-toothed gear 135, a five-toothed carrying wheel 136, and

"a five-scalloped piece 137, all rigidly fasteeth, for." the reasongiven in connection :with wheel-128.- J I a 1 The intermediate wheels 111 and 112 mesh tened together .(Fig. 10)., "To. the right 'of' the last-mentioned'gear is the auxiliary idle gear 138, which-again may have any number of teeth, but is here provided with thirty with the gears of the numeral wheels on one side and with the, gears' of the carrying wheels on. the other side. As' before men tioned, the intermediate wheel 113 has two gear'wheels 114 on one side wh'ch meshes with the gear 105 of the numeral 'wheel-104, and the gear 115 on the other side meshing withlthe gear 135 of thecarrying wheel 134. The rotation of-the decimal numeral wheel 101 is therefore always in unison with that of the decimal carrying wheel 120, the

. rotation of the base-:16 numeral wheel "106 4K5 e 134. The'carrying wheel 1-3O isnot with that of the base-16jcarrying wheel 124,

and the rotation of the base-12" numeral wheel-104 in unison with the carrying wheel irectly geared with any numeral Wheel-and it serves to help in carrying. but not indicat-- ing, the numerals. As the 'decim'al lwheels 120 have three" carrying} teeth for thirty teeth in'the complete circumference, they will carry once for every ten steps, and will thus operate decima'lly. The base-16 carrying wheel 124 being provided with two carrying teeth'in a complete circumference of thirty-two teeth, will early at every sixteen. steps, and will thus -calculate for the base:

- 16.v The operation of the duodecimalportion, being more complicated, will be-taken up insgrea'terdetail.

It happens. that the number '12 can be' fact'or'ed. Thus 12 equals 2'times 6, or, again,

' which is the one-illustrated in Patent No.

12-equals 3 times 4. It has been mentioned before that'in the machine onfthe market,

893,719,, above cited, the decimal carrying wheels were provided with thirty teeth, and it will be noticed that one pairof the factors of 12, namely 2 and 6 are also factors of the number'30, and advantage has been taken of this fact in'order to construct the duodecimal carrying portion of the mechanism with carrying wheels of thirtyteeth each. Thishas been done by the use of two carry- .ing. wheels,"instea'd of one carrying wheel, as is. usual. One of the carrying wheels carrying wheel carries at everysixth step, and the two together-thus carry at every 2 tin'ies 6,.or twelfth step. The wheel 130 is the on'e that carries at every second step, foris provided with fifteen carrying teeth. The wheel 134 is the one that carries at' every sixth. step, ,for it has thirty teeth in its circumference, and is providedwith five carrying teeth, It will thus be seen that the pair of whe'els130 and 134 taken together operate to carry at 'every' tweli'zth step or duo-- decimally. By the construction just described, I thus'fmm able to carry the ,twelves' by the employment of carrying wheels of the same'sized gears as the decimal carrying wheels.- This was stated above to" be oneof the objects of vmy invention. Again more especially, I am enabled to carry "twelves by the employment of thirty-toothed carrying-wheels which also was stated above to be-anether object ofrmy invention.

I The function of the auxiliary idle-wheels 128 and 138' will now be explained. It will be seen that each of these idle wheels is lo into the tota izer by the direct rotation of the superdecimal carrying wheel, which at that moment is directly in meshnwith the master. wheel. "T he u nits figure ofjtheisuperdirectly but indirectly, namely, by; the intermediation' of the auxiliary gear, which'auxiliary gear at' that moment directly in engagement with the master wheel.

Patent No. 893,719, and many others, the actual carrying from one; carrying wheel to the next higher carrying wheehis done through themtermediationof a set of car it has thirty teeth in its circumference, and

Inthe operation .ur'e' .ofthe su erdecimal base'is transmitted carries at every second step, and the other cat ed immediately to the right of a carrying decimal number, however,l'-is'not transmitted:

As thoroughly described int-he above cited EsT 2,0..1 Figs-8 and .9- show these a pmionsgfromthe lett and right sides, re-- s p e ctively These, are shown as arranged in two"groups ,'hut thisis simply {for the sake of gain ngrooml g Each carried pinlon is adapt'-.

ecll rotated upon. its support, independently-of [the others, and, each serves to transmit; carrying from its cooperate 'rbitand notg qtiigiiiate motion.

wheel at the'right to" its ,c06perating..;higher carrying "wheel at the j 1 ei 't),;v Inlfunct om thesecarried pinions act- T,'wi1l'.he noticed that some-of the carryingpinions are lwiderthan. others, but this simply, a ,'1 natteri t bf convenience on. ace countfoiji thes sizing .of the numeral wheels and 3 carrying lyv' -he'els. i-It will, moreover, be fnfoficed thahthejauxiliary gears 128 and. 138

re-Wi en then ie-gea PO-11131.16. ar g h 1 ---slni ae zthe auxil y g a mi Peach beiconsidered as a-wheel composed of lfi hi .A Q.

iin geachj othe and this pieee thereforeibe-' comes-reducedmto {the ,hub of the wheel.-

.-..toothed at the ri 'ht a'thirtyarg a middle, Zine a .thirty.

of; maginary iece at the left run rhetuaaeqnta;gea at the iniddle'and fihd J iD The twv gears 1 ingghtg therefore be considered as.

two-carryingwheels, eachcarrying at everyat'ep z thereof. Being'; such carrying wheels,

they naturally-1 coiSpe'ra-te. with their own colam -113s the =same manner as the other. carry- 'thethirtyitoothed gear at the right'coalesce tb a widet -bzn y-b the ge r s shown n openatingcarried gauc e-.21 and 22, in 'pre-' ,wheels. 9. Peration= has' already patentsand; there been thoroughlyfexplained in the above cited fore will not be further ex anse Ingpractice, intt down of a numben, 27f4j111f0rf'instance, 27 rupees, T4.annas andflt pie, the operator first would strike the2 key, and the master wheel would there'- fore rotate the wheel 120 two steps and the numer'al wheel 101- would indicate 2. 'Similarly, -for.the"(. s The operator. would then z-strikethe' space bar 'of the typewriter. Dur- Big interval the master wheel would not be engagement with any, carrying wheel, but would be immediately to the left'of the carrying wheel 124. :The operator would than strike either the O'key of the typewriter,

in .ordemto insert t e (lot. the .04 anna's. in. the, whine, that-is, print. a" 0, but not ro-..

- tats t ewheels of: the-totalizer, or..woiil d; s im ply trike the *space bar; again;.

e ther,

case themaster wheelwillnot have been i rota-ted fi uring: thisepe'riod v the. anaster wheeliwiould ha -ve ben in engagement with the carrygingrwheel 124.1:Thte operator. would th'cnl striketthe'4 key;-,which would rotate themater-:.; wheehi'i whichsnow bei 'fa; mesh- AVA 9 i p eceat the l ft-w h i y b mediation of the auxiliary gear 138 ILABLE COP" with the adxiliary' gear 128\ w'ould rotate it an equal amount. The rotation of the idle gearwill be transferred through the-carrying pinion 22into the carrying wheel 124, which will thus=rotate four steps, and the numeral wheel 106 would rotate an equal amount becauseof the intermediate wheel 112. Upon the'operators removing his fingers fr om the figure key of 'the typewriter,

the carriage would advance one step, and the totalizerwould locate. itself with the carrying wheel 130 in mesh with the master wheel. The operator would then strike the space :bar, allowing the carriageto advance one step and moving the carrying wheel 130- out of and the carrying wheel 134 into mesh with the master wheel. The operator would then strike the tens' key on' thetypewriter, whereby the master wheel would rotateten steps, while there would be printed flupon'th'e paper the figure 1. The rota tion of the master wheel is-taken'up by the rotation of, the carryingwheel 134, which thus also rotates ten steps. .When the operat'or removes his finger 'from-thekey, the carriage would-again advance another step, removingthe carrying wheel 134 out of and .bringingthe auxiliary gear 138 into mesh with the master wheel. The operator would of the striking of,the 1 key, which added rotation wasimparted-to it through the inter-' and the carrying'pinion 21.

- It has been pointed iout above that the base-16 numeral wheel, which has thereon the numerals 0, 1,2,3, 4, 5, 6,7, 8, 9, ,10', 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, has its set of numerals di vided into two groups, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7', on one group and 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, '13, 14, 15 on the'other group. So faiythere has been described nomechanismwhereby the operator can tell upon which of these two groups the numeral of the total .is located; Such -mechanism has been provided,fand its consists of. the earn .127, previously mentioned as being. rigidly :fastened to; the;v carrying wheel 124, and the ,po'inter -150 cotip'erating therewith. A, spring 151,; (.Eig. 1) ,keeps the pointer pressed. againstthe I; cam. The; cam 127 moves the pointer '150 upon-=its;sup. port to indicate either ;,-the2fone .-ring,.of fnu me'rals .or. the; :other,-. as clearly; .shown -in 1 igsi. 5. vand-3. Because carrying;:whe'eltl24 has. thirtytwox;teeth and .:bB ause-, -the -b' ase- 16 numeral wheel has only seightizteeth,; the

wheel directly, and'onemore-step because BEST AVAILABLE co earn 127 has been provided with two rises. and two falls, each of'these rises and falls, occupying one q rter of the circumference.

Therefore for one quarter ofthe circum- 1 ference of the wheel 124, the pointer 150 points to one ring of numerals of the numeral wheel, for the next quarter, to the other ring; for the third quarter, to the first ring again; and fot the last quarter, to the ordinary, andis thoroughly shown in many.

patents,among them the previously cited Y Patent' No. 893,719. As above explained, during the operation of entering the first number upon the totalizer, the 4' (of the 4 annas)' is placed upon the carrying wheel The'numerali wheel 106 is thus "also rotated ..four -steps from its zeroposition, and the pointer 150 points to the numeral 4 upon theQfi-rst ring. During the striking of the" fsecond number, the 1 (of thel15 annas) is placed-upon the carrymg wheel 124 bythe striking of the tens key. The wheel 124- ,.therefore receives an added rotation of ten the 15 annas, the carrying w eel 124 receives an additional rotation of five steps, and, its total rotation' will therefore be 19 steps. But since it carries at every sixteen steps, .it will have carried 1 into the rupee, and now will be located at three steps from its zero position, as is proper. .The numeral wheel 106 will meanwhile also have rotated vnineteen steps, but as its cycle also is sixteen, it also will indicate a 3. The pointer .lSQ-will have 'risen and fallen over the cam llfijand willfnow again point to the lower fl uyged. ring 5 'Dnr'ing the striking ofthe striking of the tens key, and the consequent rotation-of "the Wheel134 ten steps, and the additional step through the ,intermediat-ion ,ot; the auxiliary gear 138. The carrying wheel 134 will thus have'received, so far,

total rotation of fourteen steps Similarly,

;.124,'tl'1'atfis,the carrying wheel 124 is ro- .tatedfour steps from its [zero posit-ion.

steps, or. thus far a total rotation of 0111? teen steps; During the'strikin ofthe 5 of first number,- the 11 pie will have been properly introduced into: the .tota-lizer by'the subsequent striking of the 1' key and the consequent rotation of the wheel 134 one a total rotation-of elevenfs'teps, and the nuthe duod ecimal numeral Wheel 104 will thus have received anequal rotation of fourteen 1 steps, but as its cycle is 12, it will indicate a 2, which is proper. The operation of the wheel 134 was as follows: During its original rotation of ten steps,due to the striking of the tens key of the 11 piejit will have been rotated ten steps, and as it carries at every a sixth step, it will have carried 1 into the carrying wheel 130, leaving 4 as a remainder upon itself. The next rotation of via one step, due to the 1 of then pie, will leave the wheel 130 unchanged," but will bring thefwheel 134 to five steps from its zero position. -The additional rotation of .three 'steps, dueto the striking of the 3 of the second number, will thus bring the wheel 134 eight steps from its zero p0sition,-but asits cycle is 6, it will carry another 1 into the wheel 130, and thus there will/be 2 left as a remainder upon the wheel 134. The final result upon the wheel"134 is'therefore that it will be two steps from its zero posi tion, which is proper. The wheel 130 will thus have received two carryings from the wheel 134, but the cycle of the wheel 130 is 2, and it 'will therefore-have carried 1 into the next higher wheel, which in this case is ceived an additional step, by the; carrying of the twelves or pie, which is proper. The

final result upon the totalizer will therefore be 62 4 2, or 62rupees, 4 annas and 2 pie. a As thoroughly described in Patent No.

893,719, it is necessary to disconnect the carrying wheel which is being rotated by the master wheel from the carrying wheeh or wheelsto the right. As there shown, this is accomplished by removing the cotiperatmg carried pinion out of mesh from the coporting swing arm 13 or 14 upon its shaft,-

each carried pinion being mounted upon a stud upon its swing arm. The same mechanism, without any change, is operative,- to break the connection between the carrying wheel 124 and its cooperating auxiliary gear 128toremove the carried pinion 22, by'the swinging of its supporting; swing arm.

This, of course, occurs when the master wheel is in engagement with the carrying wheel 124. Therefore, whenever carrying wheel 124 is directly in mesh with the master wheel and is rotated thereby, its ,co-..

operating auxiliary gear 128 is stationary.

fore in this -rspect behaves just as though .it were any ordinary carryingwheel, and

therefore .there is no interference between BEST AVAILABLE COP it and the locking plate- A (Fig, 1) mentioned above as being to the right of the .master wheel. .And similarly for the auxiliary gear 138. 'The locking plate 4 may be and is retained. without any change, and this was stated'above to be another object of my invention.

pointed out. l

In a base-28. numeral wheel there occur fthe nu'meralsO, 1, 2, 3,. 26 and 27-.-

f be .constructed-tocarry at every twenty- ,be suitably modified. Incase the num'erals;

merals will'be arranged in four ring=groi1ps, the cam 127 will 'be provided with jourdwells so that the pointer will point sucbe operated by a spri eighth step. The cam 127 will also have to will be arranged in two ring-group's, the cam 127 .need be pro'yided .with but two dwells so that the pointer 150 will point to either the one ring or the other. In case the nuces siv'ely to the four diflferent numeral rings.

As shown above, a pointer has been used to-indicate on which of the, numeral rings the numeral 015 the total has been located. This indicating means need not be a pointer. It might equally well be a shutter which would shut out from view "the undesired rings andexpose only the proper numeral Again, the pointerohas been shown to v 151.- This construction'can be easily mo lifid. The mm 127 ring.

7 --might be made double-acting so as to drive positively in both directions, and the pointer spring thus be rendered'superfiuous; The

-indieatop-would then be positively held in. all of itspositiona In the caliiulat on' .of pounds, shillings, and pence, (whose table -is20 shillings,

one pound; 12' pence, one shilling), it IS customary to represent the shillings on two distinct wheels o-i-which the lower or. units shillings wheel Ical'culates to the base 10, while the higher or tensr'sh-illingswheel calculates. to the base 2; (Seecmy Patent No. 893,720, above cited). Attention is here directed to the fact that thcrezis a vital dif--- ference between. the decomposition of the base 20. into 2X10, and the base 12 into 2X6. This isf'dueto the fact that the digits composmg the numerals are always understood to be decimal. I :Forinstance, eleven shillings andeleven pence both are represented ordinarily by 11,,in spite of the fac -t A few obvious modifications 'will now be that in;shillings,. the. base 51s twenty, and.

ference ,can be felt muchmore forcibly upon comparing (the representationof the nu merals upon the numeral wheels. There is no dilficulty whatever in representing the shillings upon two numeral wheels the lower its cycle. In the operation of the machine, these two numeral wheels move relatively to each other. Any attempt to re resent the numerals corresponding to the ase.-12,- in a similar manner upon 'a plurality of numeral wheels, wh ch numeral wheels in operation move relatively to each other, fails. This is because 20 'is' decomposis a factor of-10.' It is true that 12 is decomposable into factors, namely, 2X6, but not all of these factors are factors of 10.' 2

posed again into" 2 and .3,-then'again 3 is not-a factor In other words'base 12 finally contains some factor, namely 3, prime to 10. Similarly, for base 28 in which 7 isprime to- 10. It might therefore be said that base '20 is completely reducible while bases 12, and 28'are notcompletely-reducible. They I am well aware thatI am not the first to have usedaplurality of carrying wheels for .carryingwheels for calculation to irreduc- -ible bases, and I therefore claim the idea broadly, 7

is adapted to calculate numbersftoan irre 'ducible base, a' carrying. wheel for said portion, said wheel having a gear formed integrally therewith-to be driven thereby, and the number of teeth of said gear is such that when said number and said baseare. divided by their greatest common divisor the quotlentsareoprime to each other,

2, In a totalizer hav ng a portion which is adapted tocalculate numbers to a duodecimal base, a carrying wheel for said portion, said wheel having age'ar formed integrally therewith to be driven thereby, the number of teeth ofsaid gear being such that when said number and 12 are divided by their greatest common divisor the quotients are prime toeachfother.

'3. In a totalizerhaving azportion which; is adaptedtO calculate numbers -to ail-irre- "ducible base, ,acarrying wheel for said portion, said carrying wheel carrving in a cycle whose number is a. divisor of, endless than said base. 7

4'. In atotaliz or having a portion which one of which has the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 .for'its cycle, and the higher oneof which has the numerals 0, and 1 for able. into factors 2X10, each .of whichmight-therefore be called irreducible bases.

isadapted tocalculate duodeciinal numbers, a carry1n g 'yvheel for said portion, said 130 that in pencethe base is twelve. This difis a factorbut (He not, and, if '6 be decomcalculation to reducible bases, but as far as; I know, I am the first'to use plurality of 1. In a, totalizer' having. a portion which 40 carrying in a cycle which is equal to"th e' BEST AVAILABLE COP carrying wheel carrying in a. cycle whose.

number isadivisorof, and less than 12..

5. ,In atotalizer havinga portion'which is adapted to calculate duodecimal numbers,

a plurality of carrying wheels for said por- .tion and carrying mechanism connecting said carrying wheels, one of said carrying wheels o'perati ng its associated carrying mechanism every'sixth step.

' 6. In a 'totalizer having a portion'which is adapted to calculate duodecimal numbers, a plurality of carrying wheels for said p0!- tion, and carrying mechanism connecting said carrying wheels, one of said carrying wheels operating its. associated carrying mechanism every second step.

7, In a, totalizer having a portion which is adapted to calculate duodecimal numbers, a plurality of carrying wheels for saidportion, carrying mechanism connecting said carrying wheels, one of saidca-rrying wheels being a toothed driving gear having-five carrying teeth.

8. In a totalizer having a portion which is adapted to calculate duodecimal numbers,

"wrilurality'of carrying wheels for saidypor- 'tion, carrying mechanism connecting said carrying wheels, one of said carrying wheels .,.havin-g thirty driving teeth and fifteen e0 carrying teeth. y

9. In a totalizer having a portion which is adapted'to calculate numbers to an irreducible base, a plurality of'carrying wheels for said portion, each' of said, wheels carryis adapted to calculate numbers to an irreto carry it.

' tion, both wheels asatotalitycarryingflat ing in a cycle having a number of steps which is a divisor of, but less than the base. I0."In a totalizer having a. portion which ducible base, a plurality of carrying wheels for said portion, the plurality as a totality base.

tion, one wheel being operative .ion the-other 12.. In a totalizer having tion, onewheel carryingat every sixth, the other at every second step.

13. In a totalizer having a 'duold'ecimal portion, two carrying wheels forsaid porevery twelfth step. y

14'. In a tot'alizer, acarrying wheel and a num'eralwheel geared thereto; the numberof rotation steps necessary for :a complete cycle of the carrying wheel'being" a factorof and lessjthan the number of rotation steps necessary for a' complete revolutionjof the numeral wheeL- 15; In a totalizer ,"a carrying wheel and a" numeral wheel geared thereto; the number of rotation steps necessary" for a complete cycle'bf the carrving' .Wheel being "a factor;

11, In a totalizer having a duodecimalportion, two'carrying wheels for said por a duodecimal: portion, two carrying wheels-forsaid por-.

0f and. less' than thenuniber of numerals upon the numeral wheel y 16, ,In a tota'lizer a carrying wheel and a on. said numeral wheelbeing in cycles of twelve, and the number of teeth on-said gear being such that said number and twelvehave the vnumber and twelve are dividedby their greatest common divisor the quotients are prime to each other;-

'17. In a totalizer'a wheel, a numeral wheel of '12 teeth geared numeral wheel geared thereto, the numerals I at least one common factor and when'both 30 toothed carrying thereto, a second carrying wheel'of 30 teeth, 7

and carrying mechanism between-said carrying wheels su'ch that-twelve steps advance of said first carryingwheel advances said sec-' 0nd carry-ing wheel througlrone cycle; I 18. In a: calculating mach1ne, a-totalizer includinga portion wh ch calculates to a decimal base, and another .p'ortion which calculates to a duodecimal base, carrying\ wheels 'for the decimal portion, other carrying wlieels for the duodecimal portion, and

a master wheel to operate said carrying wheels,'ea'ch of said carrying-wheels being provided with a gear forengagement with the'master wheel, and-all of said gearsbeing equal in shape and each 'rovided with thirty teeth for the purpose' escribed.

19, In a calculating machine, a totalizer iincluding a"portion whiehfcalculates to the base 10, and another portion which ca.lcuv

so driving them for the tens numerals thereof. 4

21,111 a calculating.machine,'a carrying' wheel calculating to a base greater than ten,

- a units auxiliary "wheel for said carrying wheel, and a master mechanism rotating said carrying wheelfor'thetens of, the base wihout rotating said auxiliary wheel, butro ating' both the auxiliary wheel. and the.

carrying wheel for the units ofs'a id' ba e.

wheelcalculating to a base greater than; ten,

I 22.- In a'calc'ulating machine-,a' carrying a" units auxiliary wheel for the carrying wheel, and a masterwheel operative on eac of the-said wheels; the carrying and auxiliary wheels being disconnected during the, operation of. the masterwheel on the carryingl wh'eel," but tzonnecte d.v during the oper} "ationef the'master wheel on the auxiliary iso BEST AVAlLABLE ooP 23. In a calculfting machine, a carrying wheel calculating to a base greater than'ten,

a, unitsj auxiliary wheel for said. carrying wheel, a master gear driving the carrying '15 wheelforkthe tens numeralsof the-base'and driving. the units auxiliary wheel for .the

- unitsnumerals. of the-base, and means for co mecting the carrying and units auxiliary.

wheels when the latter is drivenby master- 1o wheel,; and .fordiseonnectingf'them when the former'is so driven:

324, In acalculating machine, a wheel cal-- cnlating to a base greater than ten, a units l gear for. moving the wheel for the units 'nu- 15 merals'of the base, and a tens .gear for'movingthe wheel ion the 'tens numeral of the base; tlrefiinits gear -being disconnected from the; wheel-during its movementby the tens ear.

g In a calculating machine, a wheel calculating to a base greater than ten, a units gear for moving the wheelffor the units. numeral of thexbase, and a tens gear-for moving the whelfor-Tthe tens'numeral'of the base 'theiunitsgear being stationary during the tens motion of-the wheel. e

26; Infla calculating machine, awheel calculating to a'base greater than ten, a units gear for moving. thewheel for the units nuso .merals of, the base, a: tens gear. for moving the wheel-for the tens numeral of the base, and means for-disconnectin'gjthe units gear ,j from-the wheel during its motionby-thetens f indicate the g5 27. aacalcul'ating machine, ,a numeral can. wheel. calculating to a base l'argerthan ten, '11. tens gearpoperative on the numeral wheel and servingto rotate it fer'the tensnumerals of; thebase, a unit's-gear adapted to operate .40 .onthe. numeral wheel andt'o rotate itfor the units numerals 'fof the base,- a master gear -ada'pte'd'to engage each of said ears, --a means for disconnect1ng and locking the gear by-the-master gear. v

28, In a calculatingmaclnne: a carrying units gear during'the rotation of the. tens wheel calculating'to-a base greater than ten;

'a'tensgear for driving the carrying wheel for the tens of the base; a unitsauxiliary gear for driving the carrying wheel for the. unitsof the base; a..master.wheel fcrdrivin g the gear. and-the units-gear; means for connecting the" carrying wheel and the unitsnumeral. wheel.

for the units of said base; a master wheel for driving thetens gear and the units gear;

means-for connecting the carrying wheel and the units gear when the latter is'in engagement with the master wheel; and means for. disconnecting the carrying wheel and the units gear when the master wheel is' in engagement with the. tens gear; and 'alock- P for locking said units gear duringsaid perlod. Y

" 30. In a calculating machine, a numeral wheel adapted to be. given adefinite number of rotation steps to perform a complete revolution, and bearing a series of different numerals corresponding to a given base, the number of rotation steps being a divisor of the base, and means for operating the 31. Iii-a calculating machine, .a numeral wheel bearing the series 'of different numerals corresponding toa given base, said series of difierent numerals occupying more than one complete circum' fe rence'v upon the n meral-wheel.

32. Ina calculating wheel bearing the serles' ofnumerals corresponding to a given base,v said series of numerals being aliquotly subdividedinto two or more groups,lthenumerals 'of each numeral wheel,.and means forfoperating the group occupying a complete circumference upon-the numeral wheel, means for. operating-the nuineral wheel, and an indicator to I group-in which the numeral is containech I 1-1 1' 33.- ,In a calculating machine, a numeral wheel bearing the series ofnumerals corres ending-to a iven base, said series being a q'uotlyj sub ivided into groups, the

numerals ofeach grou :being located onvthe numeral wheel in a means for operating thG'IlllIIlGIfil wheel, and

an indicator determimngin which ring portion the numeral is contained. 4

.34. In .a calculating machine, a numeral wheel bearing the series of '-difierent numerals corresponding to a iven base, said series of numerals being aliquotl'y subdivided into two or more groups, thenumeralsof each group occupying a complete circum- 'ference upon the numeral .whee and means for operatingthenumeral wheel. I v .35. In a calculating machine, a--numeral wheel bearing -the series of diflerent tnumerals corresponding to a iven base, said ahquotly su divided into series being groups,-the numerals of each grouflbeing located on the numeral wheel in a iiferent 4 ring, .ancl means for operating-the numeral wheel 36. In a. calculatingmachine a numeral wlreel calculating to the base 28 and bearing-- 'a series of 28" numbers thereon, said series being dividedinto two egual'g'roups, a shift machine, a -numeral 9o ifierent ring' P Ition, 10s

BEST AVAILABLE COP able indicator arranged to designate one of said groups and 'm'eans' to operate said each of said groups being laterall .ofi-set uppnj the numeral wheel; means for operat-' ing the numeral wheel;- an' indicator to indipcate the group in which the numeral is con-;

. numeral wheel for operating said indicator.

' 3-9.1[n a; calculating machineza numeral .25

. numeralj'ivheel; an indicator to indicate the connected to said numeral groups, and means-to operate said numeral i=sponding to a given base, said series of numerals being aliquotly subdivided into and a cam connected to said numeral wheel 1portion; means for operating the numeral W eel; an indicator determining in which ring ortion numerals of each group beijng numeral wheel and indicator.

379111 a calculating machine a numeralwheel calculating to the base 28 and-bearing a series of 28 numbers thereon, said series being divided into two equalgroups,

upon said numeral wheel, a shifta l indicator arranged to designate one'bf said wheel and indicator a g j 38. In a calculating machlne; a numeral wheel bearing the serles of numerals corretwo or more groups, thejnumerals of each group', occupying: a complete c rcumference tained; and mechanism connected to said wheel bearing the series of numerals corresponding to a iven. base, said series of numerals being a iquotly subdivided into two or more groups, the numerals-of each group occupying a, complete circumference upon the numeral whee means for operating the group in whichthe numeral is contained;

for operating said indicator.

4 0. In a calculating machine a numeral wheel bearing theseries of numerals corresponding to a given base, said series being aliquotly numerals of each grou being locatedon the subdivided into groups, the

numeral wheel in a ififerent ring the numeral is contained; and nice 'anism I. wheel'for operjating said indicator.

wheel bearing a series of numerals correspondmg. to a i'ven base, saldseriesxb'emg 'nesses. 41. In a calculat ng machine; a numeral aliquotlysub 'vided into. "groupsi ocate on' a' numeral wheel in a different ring portion means for operating the numeral wheel; an indicatordetermimng in which ring portion the numeral is contained; and a cam 'connected to said numeral wheel'for operating said indicator. 1

42..In a calculating machine 'a numeral series heing diVided into two equal groups,

a s'hiftable indicator arranged to designate one 'of said groupaja 'camconnected to said numeral wheel and-arranged to operate said indicator, am means to operate said numeral 43. In "a calculatin machine a numeral wheel calculating-to t e base 28 and bearing a series of -28 numbers thereon, said seriesbeing dividedinto two equal groups, each of said groups being "laterally ofi-set upon said numeral wheel, a shiftable indicatorarrangedto-designate one of said oups, a cam connected to'said numeral w eel and wheel calculating to the base 28 and bearing a series of 28- numbers thereon, said' arranged to. operate said 'indicaton and means-to operate said numeral wheel.

Ina totalizer having a portion which i adapted to calculate duodecimal numbers;

a pluralityiof carrying wheels: for said porthe carrying wheel being such that when both numbers aredivided by their greatest common divisor thequotients are prime to eachother.

In witness whereof,'I have hereuntosubv scribed myname in the presence of two wit- HYMAN EL I GOLDBERG.

"Witnesses: A Y DAVID GOLDBERG, 

